Translated from Japanese into English with Bing Translate.
1937 Karate Enbu at Daiji Junior High
School in Okinawa Prefecture
In the past, karate was not learned by everyone.
Karate and hand (tee) that existed as a self-defense martial art to protect the
royal family of the Ryukyu Kingdom were martial arts that were transmitted only
to a limited number of people.
As an opportunity for the introduction
of physical education classes to the general public
In Okinawa, karate was introduced as a
physical education class for school education in the Meiji era, and it is said
that it is an opportunity to spread to the general public. The first school was
established in Okinawa in 1880, and gymnastics classes began in 1885. Karate
began in 1905 under the guidance of Yasutsune Itosu at a junior high school in
Okinawa Prefecture. Itosu Yasutsune brought together five forms of
"Heian" in order to teach and disseminate the forms transmitted from
the old school to young students. This is a systematized physical education
technique except for the dangerous technique of the key point attack.
From the Meiji period, famous karate
artists such as Itosu Yasutsune, Higashi-Onna Kanshu, Miyagi Nagajun, Hanashiro
Nagamo, Funakoshi Yoshichin, Joma Mamotsu, Kyoda Shigeaki, Tokuda Yasufumi,
etc. provided karate guidance at the school, and in the Taisho period, many
karate artists worked as martial arts teachers at Okinawa Prefectural Daiichi
Junior High School, Okinawa Prefectural Normal School, Okinawa Prefectural
Normal School, Okinawa Prefectural Industrial School, Naha City Commercial
School, and Okinawa Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry School. After that, it
is said that events such as sports festivals and arts festivals were frequently
presented outside of classes, and it became the basis for the spread of karate
in Okinawa.
After
the war, Yutaka Kinjo (1919-2015), who was instrumental in spreading karate on
the mainland, entered Okinawa Prefectural Daiichi Junior High School in 1931
and studied under Yasufumi Tokuda, an advisor to the Karate Department at the
time. At that time, there was no karate clothing, and it was performed in gym
clothes. Karate clothes were made using judo clothes as a model, and as for
road clothes, it was transmitted from the mainland to Okinawa contrary to
karate.
From the Okinawa Daiichi Junior High
School Graduation Commemorative Photo Album (1948), Dr. Yasufumi Tokuda and
Yutaka Kinjo (2nd from right standing)
It was due to such a series of flows that there were
many educators and teachers in karate artists who had played a leading role in the
Okinawa karate world after the war.
There are many teachers who can teach karate at school
sites.
Next year, 2022 marks the 100th anniversary of
Funakoshi Yoshichin's introduction of karate to the mainland. On the mainland,
Yoshichin Funakoshi taught mainly at universities and became popular.
Therefore, karate spread from the school site called junior high school in
Okinawa and university in the mainland.
With regard to martial arts education in
schools, it seems to be fresh in my memory that the Ministry of Education
introduced karate in addition to kendo and judo as a compulsory physical
education correction section at 10,400 junior high schools nationwide since
2012 with the aim of becoming more familiar with japan's unique traditions and
culture through martial arts. Currently, there are more than 180 schools as of
its introduction in 2012. By 2020, there will be more than 400 schools, and by
the end of FISCAL 2023, we have more than doubled the target of implementation
at 900 schools.
However, this does not reach as many as 10 percent of
the whole even if it sees nationwide. In comparison, 135 junior high schools in
Okinawa Prefecture were implemented in 2019, and there are more than 90% of
junior high schools in the prefecture. The reason may be that there are many
teachers in Okinawa who can teach karate at school sites.
Karate
initiatives at Konan Gakuen (junior high school and high school), which are
also known for baseball Koshien, are particularly famous, and there is a karate
dojo in the school where the karate club is in the middle and high schools, and
it is said that students will wear karate like a black belt (first dan) when
graduating. Ryo Kitana, a karate and men's gold medalist at the Tokyo Olympics,
is a graduate of Konan High School. By the way, former boxing world champion
Gushiken High School is also from Konan High School. Even now, karate
instructors are dispatched as lecturers from dojos in each prefecture of the
All Japan Karate Federation during physical education karate classes.
My junior high school days
Finally, I
would like to introduce my memories of my first year of junior high school
(1981). The boy will do the form of karate by the school year event of the
athletic meet. The first junior high school in Matsudo City, Chiba Prefecture,
where I attended, was a mammoth school with 15 classes in the first grade.
About 240 people performed a group karate program, but the jacket of the
physical education clothes was taken off, and Hachimaki was wrapped around the
head barefoot. This figure is almost the same as the karate class (enbu) of
Okinawa Prefectural Dai-ni Junior High School left in the early Showa era.
1981 Sports Day 1 Junior High School in
Matsudo City, Chiba Prefecture Front row right author (Aihara)
The author had learned Okinawa orthodox karate of
Toyama Hirokenden from the third grade of elementary school, and had just taken
the black belt (first step supplement) in the summer before the athletic meet.
Two of my friends who went to the karate class like myself were generals, so I
rolled a long Hachimaki on my head and took the lead. The shape moved one
movement according to the sound of the drum, and the spirit was put in each
movement. The first-year men's group karate "Fire Dragon" originated
from junior high school physical education classes in Okinawa.
In Okinawa, there are many opportunities to touch
karate on a daily basis at school events, festivals, weddings, etc., including
classes, which is different from the mainland. The Tokyo Olympics lasted to
make karate known all over the world. Karate classes based on martial arts
education in junior high schools will be a familiar opportunity to actually
experience karate. I want you to find out the fun of karate from there and
continue it for the life.
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