https://hsbudo.blogspot.com/2016/08/15-okinawan-terms-clarified.html?spref=fb
Traditional Karate & Kobudo originated
in the Ryukyu
Islands, the
main
island being Okinawa.
Before
this area became "Okinawa Prefecture" and was forced was adopt
mainland
Japanese language
(Nihongo) as the official language, there were
several different
dialects spoken, the most well known of which was the
Okinawa Language (Uchinaguchi).
The majority of
the words we
use
Budo are from Nihongo, not Uchinaguchi,
but not all, some of
the old Okinawan words are still used
in Budo today.
Here
is
a list of some
that
you should know.
Uchina - 沖縄 The Uchinaguchi
name for 'Okinawa', which directly translates
to English as "Rope in the
Sea".
Uchinaguchi
- 沖縄口 The Uchinaguchi
name for 'Okinawa Language'
Haisai - はいさい Informal greeting, the same as saying "Hi".
The more formal greeting in Uchinaguchi is "Chuu Wuganabira".
Also "Mensooree" means
"Welcome".
Di - 手 Translates directly as 'Hand', the name of the native
Okinawan martial art that can be dated back prior to 600 CE. This is 'Te' in Nihongo.
Toudi - 唐手 Translates as " Chinese Hand". Meaning 'Tang
Hand', named after the Tang Dynasty in China. 'Toudi'
was the result of Chinese martial styles being introduced and mixing with
the native 'Di'. This became the roots of what we know today as Karate.
Chichi - 突き The Uchinaguchi name for 'punch', a more accurate translation of this is 'thrust'. In Nihongo this is 'Tsuki'.
Uki - 受け The Uchinaguchi name for techniques known in the western
world as 'blocks', a more accurate translation is 'to receive'.
In Nihongo this is 'Uke'
Giri - 下痢 The Uchinaguchi name for 'kick'. In Nihongo this
is 'geri'.
Fun fact: out of context this directly translates as
diarrhoea, it is only when it's preceded by words like Mae, Yoko or
Mawashi that it means 'kick'.
Atifa - 衝撃波 Meaning "Shock-wave"
or "Energy
Transfer".
It is the principle of transferring energy to the opponent.
Staying relaxed,
then briefly tensing at the point
of contact creates a 'shock-wave' that travels through
the target.
Gamaku
- 横っ腹 Gamaku is the correct application of
strength
and position of the side
and front sections of the waist. Gamaku muscles are important when doing Okinawan
martial arts.
This helps with correct application of strength, power generation and stability.
Muchi - 柔 Meaning 'supple', 'flexible' or 'resilient'. This is a term used to emphasize Elasticity over Rigidity.
Muchimi - 餅米 This is the
Okinawan
term
for 'sticky rice'.
In Okinawan
Budo it refers to 'sticky hands'. This is a way of executing techniques that
involves keeping the hands in
contact with the opponent at all times, leaving
no gaps or openings.
Shishee -
姿勢 Meaning 'Posture' or
'Attitude', it
refers to using the entire body in a technique. It
is
about is putting power
from the hips, waist and breath
the correct way to generate
the most amount
of power possible.
Chinkunchi - ちんくんち Directly translates as 'muscle stamina'. It is the combined
use of muscles, bones, and
tendons working together
to produce
maximum power with
minimal energy expenditure.
When a certain birds (such as
albatross) flies long distances, they rely not only on the
wing muscles, but
on a
combination of
everything in
their
body
working together for efficiency.
A Un - 陰陽 The Uchinaguchi term for Yin Yang. ☯ The
concept
of balance between
opposing forces (of any kind).
This is taken straight from Chinese Daoist philosophy. Many
elements of Daoism,
Confucianism, Buddhism and
especially Shintoism were adopted into old Ryukyuan
culture and
are an intrinsic part
of Okinawan Budo today
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